What drugs are most commonly abused and what are the signs and symptoms?

Almost all drugs have the potential for addiction and abuse, from caffeine to prescription medication. However, the majority of non-alcohol related addictions are due to a short list of drugs including sleeping pills, painkillers, cocaine, marijuana, methamphetamine, and heroin.

Drug abusers often try to conceal their symptoms and downplay their problem. If you’re worried that a friend or family member might be abusing drugs, look for the following warning signs:

1. Physical warning signs of drug abuse

a. Bloodshot eyes or pupils that are larger or smaller than usual.
b. Changes in appetite or sleep patterns. Sudden weight loss or weight gain.
c. Deterioration of physical appearance and personal grooming habits.
d. Unusual smells on breath, body, or clothing.
e. Tremors, slurred speech, or impaired coordination.

2. Behavioral signs of drug abuse

a. Drop in attendance and performance at work or school.
b. Unexplained need for money or financial problems. May borrow or steal to get it.
c. Engaging in secretive or suspicious behaviors.
d. Sudden change in friends, favorite hangouts, and hobbies.
e. Frequently getting into trouble (fights, accidents, illegal activities).

3. Psychological warning signs of drug abuse

a. Unexplained change in personality or attitude.
b. Sudden mood swings, irritability, or angry outbursts.
c. Periods of unusual hyperactivity, agitation, or giddiness.
d. Lack of motivation; appears lethargic or “spaced out.”
e. Appears fearful, anxious, or paranoid, with no reason.